(1) Teachers should regularly lead class discussions, presenting clear explanations and examples of basic concepts and/or asking questions so that students can piece together the principles desired.
Group 1:  this approach may exclude student discoveries or their learning to become independent thinkers
                letting students go on their own may make their weaknesses more apparent
                students may simply memorize and not actively question what they don't know
Group 2:  sometimes it is good for students to take the lead, explore their own examples,and formulate their own questions, yet it is very important for the teacher to summarize at the end and make sure students don't form too many misconceotions

Group 3:
Happy Homecoming


 
 
  Group 4:
It is hard for the teacher to be sure that students gather the the pieces of principles in a desired way because of  students' misconcepts.

When the teacher lead the class discussion, it would be more systematic and fair. The teacher can extend and clarify the concepts by giving related examples and explanations.
 
 
 
 
 

(2) All teachers need to master their subjects, as a prior condition to trying to teach them.

Group 4
It depends on the level of who you are teaching. However, all teachers need to know enough in the field he/she is intend to teach.

Group 3
 
 

  1. "ALL teachers should master their subject" is realistically impossible. However, teachers have to make great effort to understand their subject so that they don't give their own misconceptions to students directly..
  2. Teachers are in process of not only teaching, but also in process of learning when they are in class.
  3. Pre-service and in-service teachers need enough opportunity to get re-/education for their teaching.
Group 2:
The teachers just need the basic knowledge to start the class.  They don't have to know everything about the subjects.  Also, they can learn more about the subjects as the class progress.  If they have problems with certain topics, they can always bring in other resources (ie. speakers, field trips and etc.).

Group 1:
 
 

The mastery of knowledge does not always lead to the mastery of teaching.

 
 
 
 

(3) Teachers can and should transmit their knowledge to pupils.

Group 1:
 
 

Teachers are unable to directy transmit information to their pupils.  Teachers can not transmit knowledge only information.


Group 3:
            1. Students might not be receptive.
            2. Teachers sometimes cannot transmit their knowlege or expertise, even if they are mastered
                 subjects; but they cannot articulate them.
            3.  Transmitiing knowlege is impossible because it is built upon information, but transmitting
                  experience is promising.

Group 2:
        Teacher can and should transmit knowledge to pupils but should also allow students to expand and form their own knowledge.
 

Groupp4
          Agree. Teachers need to use other sources.

(4) Teachers should, at first, present simple and easy problems and tasks, in order to build pupils' courage to tackle more difficult and unfamiliar tasks.

Group 2:
        Showing students the complex first and then breaking it down into simple steps could give them a sense of accomplishment.
        Going from simple to complex is often good, but depending on the topic being discussed, the opposite method may be better.
        Simple tasks can sometimes bore studednts if they have no idea what they will be used for in the future.
 

Group 4
          Examples and problems teachers use are supposed to be one step above the level of children.
 

Group 3


 

 

(5) Teachers should give equal attention to all pupils.

Group 2: Impossible to give equal attention to ALL students, more important to find what type of attention to give to each student based on their specific needs.
 

Group 3


 

 
 

(6) Teachers should give quick feedback on pupils' work, indicating clearly what is wrong and why.

Group 4

Group 3

    *  Emphasize on the positive response insteaad of pointing out just "what is wrong"--indicate digfferent ways to approach the problem.
    *  Negative feedback ccan affect sstudents self-confidence.
    *  Qucik Response is always a good idea.

Group 2:

    Important to give feedback but sometimes it may be helpful to refrain from specifically stating what is wrong.  Rather, the students can go back and rethink things to determine what is wrong for themselves.  Also, it may be helpful to use other forms of feedback such as through peers.

Group1:
    There are several types of feedback that can be effective. Among them peers review can be a good source of evaluation.

(7) Children should focus first on content and second on means of expression.

Group 4

Two main oponions:

Group 3

 
 
 
 

(8) Children should strive to understand their teachers and the textbooks.